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The article examines the features of the development of sports in the People's Republic of China, highlights the stages of sports development based on changes in its ideological justifications and their influence on the formation of the national identity of the Chinese people.
The purpose of this study is analyzing the possibilities of traditional Chinese sports in the formation of the national identity of the Chinese people based on identifying the stages of development of physical culture and sports in New China. It takes into account the needs of the state, society, and the individual; disclosing the ideological basis for the development of physical culture and sports at each stage.
The hypothesis of the study based on the assumption that with the help of theoretical methods used to detect, record and interpret data related to the most important approaches to understanding the ideological foundations of the development of physical culture and sports, it is possible to identify certain patterns or consistently recurring connections that characterize the features of the formation of national identity by means of Chinese sports.
Research methods. General logical methods (analysis, synthesis, interpretation, abstraction, etc.) and special methods (specific historical analysis, search in the Google Trends database by keywords) used. The empirical array of the study consists of official government documents of the PRC, scientific works and articles of Chinese researchers.
Results. Three stages distinguished in the development of sports in New China. 1949-1979 is the period of unification of the Chinese people with the help of physical culture to improve the quality of their health and prepare for the defense of the country. 1979-2000 is the period of development of personal orientation of sports and competitive sports for the glory of China. Since 2000 is the stage of development of mass sports to ensure the prosperity of the Chinese people, contemporaries and future generations.
Keywords:New China, stages of development, sports, physical culture, competitive sports, mass sports, comprehensive development of the individual, national identity.
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