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DENTAL TRIBOLOGY: THE STUDY OF WEAR AND BIOCOMPATIBILITY OF MODERN ORTHOPEDIC MATERIALS

Roshchin Evgeny Mikhailovich  (Sdi Dent Clinic, Candidate of Medical Sciences, Chief Physician. Orthopedic dentist, orthodontist )

Introduction: Orthopedic materials play a key role in ensuring reliable and biocompatible functioning of dentures. However, the tribological and biological characteristics of various classes of materials remain insufficiently studied, which makes it difficult to make a reasonable clinical choice. The purpose of this work is to conduct a comprehensive comparative analysis of the wear resistance, coefficient of friction and biocompatibility of metal alloys, ceramics, polymers and composites used in dental orthopedics. Methods: Tribological parameters of Co-Cr, Ti-6Al-4V, ZrO2, Li2Si2O5, PEEK, PEKK and hybrid materials were studied by profilometry, microindentation and dynamic friction microscopy. Cytotoxicity, genotoxicity and proinflammatory potential were evaluated on fibroblast and macrophage cultures using MTT test, DNA comets and PCR analysis of cytokine expression. Results: The wear resistance and tribological properties of materials depend on the chemical composition, microstructure and surface treatment. Laser texturing improves wear resistance by 30-50% and reduces bacterial adhesion by 25-40%. The best biocompatibility is demonstrated by ZrO2-based ceramics and REEK/PEKK polymers. Coatings with HAP and nanosilver reduce the cytotoxicity of metals and the risk of inflammation by 70-90%. Discussion: The developed tribological and biological techniques make it possible to optimize the choice of orthopedic materials. Surface modification and functional coatings open up opportunities for personalized design of biocompatible dentures with high tribological characteristics.

Keywords:dental tribology, wear resistance, biocompatibility, orthopedic materials, functional coatings
 

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Citation link:
Roshchin E. M. DENTAL TRIBOLOGY: THE STUDY OF WEAR AND BIOCOMPATIBILITY OF MODERN ORTHOPEDIC MATERIALS // Современная наука: актуальные проблемы теории и практики. Серия: Естественные и Технические Науки. -2024. -№11. -С. 245-249 DOI 10.37882/2223-2966.2024.11.31
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